Electromagnetic interference is the repulsion or pulling force of electrically charged particles. As the electrically charged particles move, they interact with the electric and magnetic force on the other electrically charged particles. The direction of the force also changes depending on the shape and direction of the moving particles. This interaction creates an electric field. Each electric charge produces an electric field. In other words, it is the electrical charges that make up the electric field. Therefore, even if a lamp connected to the electricity grid does not light up, it creates an electric field. What is important here is a small insulating barrier, such as a building or a tree, that blocks the electric field.
The magnetic field occurs when electrical charges are displaced. That is, when the lamp is lit, besides the electric field, a magnetic field also occurs during the transition of the electric current from the cable to the lamp. The higher the electric current, the higher the magnetic field. However, unlike the electric field, the magnetic field is not obstructed by obstructing objects.
Electromagnetic fields are formed by the combination of electric field and magnetic fields. In electromagnetic fields, electric wave and magnetic wave are shifting together at the speed of light. The most prominent features of electromagnetic fields are their wavelengths and frequencies. Frequency is the number of vibrations of an electromagnetic wave per second. As the frequency increases, the wavelength becomes shorter, whereas the energy emitted in the field increases.
Electrical meters and control cards are devices that emit electromagnetic waves by their nature. As with all electrical and electronic devices and systems, these devices and card reading systems must be tested and checked in accordance with electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standards.
With the development of technology, electricity meters undergo structural and functional changes. As a result of fundamental changes in the field of electronics, the electromechanical structure of the electricity meters turns into a fully electronic structure. In this way, both non-technical losses are reduced and easy multi-tariff applications are introduced. However, as the meters are electronic, electromagnetic compatibility problems should be eliminated. In this way, electricity meters and control cards work correctly and accurately without any electromagnetic interference.