The expression electromagnetic wave describes the path that electronic radiation travels through the airspace. An atom has wavelengths ranging from a radius to a few meters in length. The types of electromagnetic waves, if the wavelengths are put in descending order, are as follows: radio waves, microwaves, infrared rays, visible light, ultraviolet rays, X rays and gamma rays. Electromagnetic waves emitted from various electrical and electronic devices are intertwined with human life.

Like the waves in the sea, electromagnetic waves have peaks and dips. When the wavelength is mentioned, the distance between this peak and the bottom points is meant. Electromagnetic waves move at equal speed but have different frequencies. The frequency depends on the wavelength. Short waves have a high frequency and long waves have a low frequency. High frequency short waves have more energy. The amount of energy determines how it affects the substance. For example, radio waves are low energy and do not affect atoms very much. Microwaves are highly energized and cause the material to heat up. X-rays and gamma rays shake the atoms very well.

Today's technology largely uses electromagnetic waves. Radio and television, mobile phones, remote control devices, the Internet and many other devices and applications are based on the movement of electromagnetic waves in the air.

Electromagnetic compatibility tests started with the Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive 89 / 336 / EEC, first published in the European Union countries. The latest version of this directive, which was subsequently amended on various dates, is the Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive 2014 / 2014 / EU published in 30. Essentially, these directives cover all electrical and electronic devices that affect other electrical or electronic devices in operation or are affected by the operation of other devices.

Within the scope of harmonization studies with the European Union in Turkey, this directive was published in 2016 by the Ministry of Science, Industry and Technology under the name Electromagnetic Compatibility Regulation (2014 / 30 / EU).

Pursuant to this regulation, the conformity assessment processes of these devices are determined as follows:

• Internal control of production (Module A), annexed to the Regulation (Annex II)
• EU type examination (Module B), annexed to the Regulation (Annex III)

Under the New Approach Directives, electromagnetic compatibility tests are mandatory for CE marking on electrical and electronic equipment to be sent to the countries of the European Union.